CPL Aerodynamics · Practice

A turbulent boundary layer is more resistant to flow separation than a laminar boundary layer because:

• A.the turbulent mixing within the boundary layer brings high-momentum fluid from outside the layer down to the surface
• B.laminar flow is always heated by conduction from the surface, reducing its energy near separation
• C.turbulent flow has lower shear stress, allowing the flow to slide over the surface more easily
• D.turbulent flow is faster on average, providing more kinetic energy to push through adverse gradients